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| LETTER TO EDITOR |
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| Year : 2015 | Volume
: 12
| Issue : 6 | Page : 596 |
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Oral manifestations in liver transplant recipients
Vagish Kumar Laxman Shanbhag
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Yenepoya Dental College and Hospital, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| Date of Web Publication | 27-Nov-2015 |
Correspondence Address:
Vagish Kumar Laxman Shanbhag
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Yenepoya Dental College and Hospital, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya University, Mangalore - 575 018, Karnataka
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.170589
How to cite this article:
Shanbhag VL. Oral manifestations in liver transplant recipients. Dent Res J 2015;12:596 |
Editor,
The article "oral manifestation in transplant patients" was read with enthusiasm. [1] However, the following points may be noted worthy. Fissured tongue, atrophy of tongue papillae, and angular cheilitis can be observed in liver transplant patients and these may be due to concurrent hyposalivation, due to intake of diuretic drugs such as thiazides and loop diuretics. [2],[3] Excessive bleeding with serious complications are encountered in the liver transplant patients when they undergo simple procedures such as scaling, tooth extraction, minor periodontal surgery, and administration of local anesthetics. [4] These patients exhibit hemostatic abnormalities such as prolonged prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time; increased international normalized ratio and low platelet count. Primary wound closure, Vitamin K 10 mg intramuscularly, and use of topical thrombin and fibrin glue along with antifibrinolytic agents such as oxidized cellulose tranexamic acid and amino-caproic acid may be helpful to control oral bleeding due to dental procedures. [4]
Financial support and sponsorship
Nil.
Conflicts of interest
The authors of this manuscript declare that they have no conflicts of interest, real or perceived, financial or non-financial in this article.
| References | |  |
| 1. | Nappalli D, Lingappa A. Oral manifestations in transplant patients. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2015;12:199-208.  |
| 2. | Rojas G, Bravo L, Cordero K, Sepúlveda L, Elgueta L, Díaz JC, et al. Integrity of the oral tissues in patients with solid-organ transplants. J Transplant 2012;2012:603769. |
| 3. | Guggenheimer J, Close JM, Eghtesad B, Shay C. Characteristics of oral abnormalities in liver transplant candidates. Int J Organ Transplant Med 2010;1:107-13. |
| 4. | Silva Santos PS, Fernandes KS, Gallottini MH. Assessment and management of oral health in liver transplant candidates. J Appl Oral Sci 2012;20:241-5. |
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